Kronstadt
66 places
Fort Alexander I
Kronstadt, Fort Alexander I
Fort Alexander I in Kronstadt, excluded from the defensive structures in 1896, will become a multifunctional space in the future. After restoration, a Museum of the History of the Fight Against Infectious Diseases, a restaurant, and hotel rooms will open on its territory. In 1898, the fort's laboratory was headed by researchers Daniil Zabolotny, Mikhail Tartakovsky, and Nikolai Berestnev, and in 2004–2005, episodes of the TV series "Favorsky" and "Sea Devils" were filmed here. In 2019, the fort was visited by French artist Andre Bouchet, known for the role of guide Passpartout in the TV game show "Fort Boyard."
Memorial Stone of the Andreevsky Cathedral (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Sobornaya Square
A memorial stone is installed on the territory of Andreevsky Garden in Kronstadt at the site of a lost Orthodox church, which was an outstanding architectural monument of Russian classicism. The solemn laying of the foundation for the new stone Andreevsky Cathedral took place on June 20, 1805, in the presence of Emperor Alexander I, who personally laid the first stone using a specially made silver hammer and trowel. The construction of the building continued for twelve years, and its consecration in 1817 was performed by Filaret, Bishop of Revel, who later became the Metropolitan of Moscow. In 2018, the foundation at this site was classified by KGIOP as a discovered cultural heritage site of the peoples of Russia.
Arsenal (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Arsenalny Lane (by Petrovsky Park)
The Arsenal in Kronstadt, located in Arsenalny Lane near Petrovsky Park, has its own water access with an equipped mooring wall. The complex supplied the fleet with weapons and ammunition during the Great Patriotic War and in subsequent years, for which it was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in 1968 and the Order of the October Revolution in 1977. Today, mines, torpedoes, and rocket-artillery weapons are produced and repaired on the territory, and consumer goods are also manufactured. The owner of the buildings, the company "Export Group," is engaged in scrap metal processing, and in 2021, a three-story brick building constructed in 1839 was added to the sale lot.
Bespokoyny (Destroyer, 1990)
Kronstadt, port, destroyer Bespokoyny
The destroyer "Bespokoyny", located in the port of Kronstadt, is a ship laid down in 1987 and commissioned into the fleet in 1992. On this ship, the Andreevsky flag was raised on February 29, even before its general introduction into the Russian Navy. In the 1990s and 2000s, the destroyer actively participated in the international "BALTOPS" exercises, including conducting a joint voyage with the American frigate "Taylor" and working with the Polish submarine "Orzeł". Since July 2004, the ship has been commanded by Captain 1st Rank Vladimir Vladimirovich Khamutovsky, and for conservation, its main engines were removed and transferred to another ship.
Vladimirsky Cathedral (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Vladimirskaya Street
The Vladimir Cathedral in Kronstadt dates back to the 1730s, when the first wooden church was built for the garrison regiment and was replaced by a new one in 1801. At the request of Vice-Admiral Kazakevich, permission to build a stone temple was granted in 1872; its architecture combines Russian facade decoration with a basilica composition reminiscent of the ancient churches of Ravenna. During the Soviet era, an attempt was made to blow up the building, as a result of which the altar, porch, and bell tower were lost. Historically, the Cathedral also included the Church of the Holy Martyr Queen Alexandra, which was transferred from the Risbank Fort. Inside the temple was a copy of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God, adorned with gilded copper and placed in a bronze icon case.
Naval Hospital (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Manuilskogo Street, 2
The Naval Hospital in Kronstadt occupies a complex of buildings at 2, 2A, and 2B Manuilsky Street, as well as at 2 and 6 Vosstaniya Street. The main building was approved according to the design of architect E. Kh. Anert on January 25, 1833, and the hospital church of Alexander Nevsky was located in the middle of its main structure. Wide, straight corridors run along the buildings, with wards of various sizes and service rooms located on both sides. In 1848–1849, a two-story service building with ice cellars and an anatomical theater was constructed in the post-classicism style according to the design of A. A. Martynov.
Dutch Kitchen
Kronstadt, Petrovsky Park
The Dutch Kitchen in Kronstadt is a historic building listed in the register of cultural heritage sites of the peoples of Russia. According to the magazine "Sobaka.ru", it was built on the shore specifically for preparing food for sailors, as open fire on wooden ships in the port was prohibited, and its inconvenient location protected the city and ships from accidental fires. In 2021, the building, which was in a state of disrepair, was leased by Andrey Shpeder and Varvara Lukinova, who restored it at their own expense. Major renovation of the facility began in the autumn of 2018, and by the summer of 2019, the exterior work was completed.
City Russian Cemetery
Kronstadt, Kronshtadtskoye Highway, 31
The City Russian Cemetery in Kronstadt is located at 31 Kronshtadtskoye Highway and is a burial site with restrictions on new plots, where only family reburials and state funerals are permitted. On its territory are the mass graves of the submariners of the submarine "Rabochiy," the crews of the destroyer "Steregushchiy," the gunboat "Krasnoye Znamya," the icebreaker "Tazuya," and the sailors of the patrol ship "Gangutets." According to 1913 data, the oldest monument in the cemetery is the burial of Archpriest Ubersky, dating back to 1796. Historically, separate sections for Estonian, Finnish, Catholic, Jewish, and Muslim burials were located near the Russian Cemetery, and the chapel-tomb of the old woman Paraskeva and the grave of radio engineer P. N. Rybkin have the status of cultural heritage sites.
Gostiny Dvor (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Lenin Avenue, 16
The Gostiny Dvor in Kronstadt was built by order of Nicholas I after his visit in 1827, when the emperor was dissatisfied with the state of the old trading rows. The building, restored after the fire of 1874, is a monument of federal significance, as evidenced by the plaque at the central entrance from Lenin Avenue. A covered gallery with an architrave on round columns runs around the entire perimeter of its buildings, and gates for entering the courtyard are located on the western and eastern sides. At the square near the Gostiny Dvor is the final stop for shuttle vans from St. Petersburg.
Gubernskie Houses
Kronstadt, Petrovskaya Street, 8-16
The Gubernatorial Houses are a complex of historical buildings in Kronstadt, built in 1717–1725, with the work being completed after the death of Peter I. On the site of part of these houses on the western side of the canal, the Italian Palace of A. D. Menshikov was erected, and the roofs of the buildings were covered with Dutch tiles. In 1830, according to the design of I. G. Gomzin, the 8th and 9th houses were connected by a three-story insertion, and state institutions were located along the harbor. In the garden near the Minikh House, on May 5, 1945, a bust of Alexander Popov was installed in honor of the 50th anniversary of the invention of radio, for which the pedestal was made in 1973 by sculptor V. A. Andfriev.
Dock Bridge
Kronstadt, Makarovskaya Street, Dock Bridge
The Dock Bridge in Kronstadt on Makarov Street is the only drawbridge in St. Petersburg that does not lift but instead rotates 90 degrees around the mechanism's axis after the third support is removed from the eastern abutment using jacks. The structure, assembled with riveted joints due to the lack of welding technology in the mid-19th century, rests on stone abutments faced with granite. In 1856–1857, a cast-iron railing was installed from the bridge to the lock gates, manufactured by the St. Petersburg Galvanoplastic and Mechanical Plant, and during one of the repairs, a second tier of transverse beams was added to transfer the longitudinal ties. The capital repair of the structure in 2018–2019 was carried out by LLC "Midas" according to the project of LLC "NPO "RAND"".
House of Diligence (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Feygina Street, 7/9
The House of Industry in Kronstadt, located at 7/9 Feigina Street, was founded to combat the mass poverty and hopelessness of slum dwellers, which Father John encountered when he began his ministry at St. Andrew's Cathedral in 1855. Upon its establishment, it housed a school for craft apprentices, a shoemaking workshop, and a military gymnastics class; however, the first workshops for basket weaving and shoemaking had to be closed as unprofitable. In the overnight shelter, one could spend the night for 3 kopecks, and eight men were admitted there free of charge daily. After the devastating fire on December 7, 1881, which destroyed the interior decoration and the wooden building of the guardianship, the damaged complex received an insurance payout, which attracted new donations.
Baltic Fleet Drama Theatre
Kronstadt, Sovetskaya Street, 43
The Drama Theater of the Baltic Fleet in Kronstadt, founded in 1930 as the Theater of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet, has produced over 400 plays, which have been seen by more than 7 million spectators. The troupe toured cities of the USSR, as well as in Poland, Germany, and Afghanistan, and actively performed in combat conditions, giving 900 concerts during the first month of the war and about 300 during the Soviet-Finnish War. In August 1941, the theater was relocated from Tallinn to Leningrad on ships under bombardment, during which a significant part of the troupe perished. Actress Evgenia Tserebilko became the only woman in the collective to be awarded the Order of the Red Star.
Italian Palace
Kronstadt, Makarovskaya Street, 3
The Italian Palace is one of the oldest and largest palace buildings in Kronstadt, constructed in 1720–1724 according to the design of architect I. F. Braunstein. Since 1771, it housed the Naval Cadet Corps, for which the building was rebuilt and a tower for an astronomical observatory was added. In 1898–1900, the palace was significantly expanded for the Naval Engineering School, with the main entrance moved to the middle of the southern wing and a cast-iron staircase installed. Throughout its history, the building also housed the Engineering School, the Department of Public Education, a library, and command staff courses, and in 1922 it was significantly damaged by a fire.
Italian Pond
Kronstadt, Petrovsky Park
The Italian Pond in Kronstadt, created by the design of Peter I by engineer E. Lane and architect G. Fontana, is an object of cultural heritage of federal significance. From here, goods from ships were delivered to the trading rows via the Obvodny Canal, and later to the Kronstadt Gostiny Dvor, where live fish and drinking water from Lake Ladoga were sold in the Fish Rows. In spring, before the navigation season, the port crane on the pond was used to reinstall masts on ships. In 2016, a foundation stone for a monument to the minesweepers of the Baltic Fleet was installed on the eastern bank, and access to the Fish Rows building is now closed as it is located on the territory of a military unit.
K-3 Leninsky Komsomol
Kronstadt, Tsitadelskoye Highway, 18
K-3 "Leninsky Komsomol" was the first Soviet nuclear-powered submarine, which for the first time set sail under nuclear power on July 4, 1958. The submarine received its honorary name on October 9, 1962, in memory of the submarine "M-106" of the Northern Fleet, which was lost in 1943. During its service, the ship completed six combat missions and four long-distance voyages, covering 128,443 nautical miles, and in 1967 it survived a fire in the Norwegian Sea that claimed the lives of 39 people. Since July 2023, the submarine has been one of the main exhibits at the Museum of Naval Glory in Kronstadt.
Peter the Great Canal
Kronstadt, Petrovsky Canal
The Peter the Great Canal in Kronstadt runs from the Obvodny Canal to the Gulf of Finland and is part of an ensemble together with the Dock Bridge, the docks in the Cross Canal, and the ravine between the Cross Canal and the basin with a ditch. In 2019, the structures of the Dock Bridge were overhauled and the turning mechanism was restored, and in 2016 the Museum of the History of Kronstadt was allocated funds for the inspection of the Peter's Dock, by which time about 60 percent of the stone rubble masonry of the walls had been destroyed. Construction of the canal began after 1720, when a canal was dug in Kronstadt and dams were laid, and in 1723 they began facing the walls with stone.
St. Nicholas Church in Kronstadt
Kronstadt, Kotlin Island
The Church of St. Nicholas in Kronstadt is a Lutheran church that was the center of the Retusaari parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ingria. The Lutheran community on Kotlin Island has a long history dating back to the Swedish chapel parish of Ture, and the first wooden church in the name of St. Elizabeth appeared here in 1718. In 1925, after the closure of the Elizabethan church, its property was transferred to the Church of St. Nicholas, which continued to operate with interruptions until 1924. For a long time, the parish was served by Pastor Otto Reinhold Streng, who also served as a preacher for the Baltic Fleet division.
Prince Menshikov Battery
Kronstadt, Menshikov Battery
The "Prince Menshikov" battery in Kronstadt was built from 1843 to 1850 on the site of a former wooden fortification as a four-tiered casemated fortress. Its plan is a rectangle with two annexes on the edges of the rear side, where lifts, bomb magazines, and personnel staircases were located. The facade of the structure was faced with granite slabs, and during construction, concrete vaults on hydraulic lime, sand, and gravel were used for the first time. Before the Great Patriotic War, the battery was used for storing ammunition, and in the post-war years, its two upper closed tiers were completely dismantled.
Saint Petersburg Flood Protection Complex
Kronstadt, flood barrier dam
The complex of flood protection structures of St. Petersburg in Kronstadt is a dam 25.4 kilometers long with a wave-breaking wall 7.5 meters high. All water flow spans are equipped with segment gates weighing 280 tons, and the central span of the bridge over the S-2 structure is a vertical-lift span weighing 2300 tons. The first official closure of the complex to protect the city occurred on November 28, 2011, which reduced the surge height by one meter and delayed the movement of 23 vessels. The dam territory and the unfinished S-1 and S-2 structures have repeatedly been used as filming locations for the movies "Upyr," "Antikiller," "Ugly Swans," "Bunker" and the TV series "Deadly Force" and "Bratva."
Fort Konstantin
Kronstadt, Fort Konstantin, southern fairway of the Gulf of Finland
Fort "Konstantin" in Kronstadt, located on the southern fairway of the Gulf of Finland, grew out of a wooden battery armed with 36-pounder and 30-pounder cannons. In 1870, a pavilion for an optical rangefinder with a rotating part was built here, which was connected by underwater cables to Forts "Pavel I" and "Alexander I" for concentrated fire. During the reconstruction of 1896–1901, a concrete battery for eight 11-inch guns appeared on the right flank, and on the left flank, two "disappearing" guns of the Pauker system with steam lifting mechanisms were installed.
Church of the Exaltation of the Cross (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Zosimova Street, 24
The Church of the Exaltation of the Cross in Kronstadt was erected in 1819–1822 according to the design of architect E. Kh. Anerta at the expense of N. A. Turkin, who adapted the building of the former Anglican church for an Orthodox temple. The altar contained a marble floor under which a casket with particles of holy relics was kept, and a small dome was erected over the altar area during the reconstruction. Vice-Admirals Makarov and Lavrov, Lieutenant-General Ivanov, Major-General Chizhikov, and members of the city council were present at the consecration of the church on December 1, 1902. The church was finally closed in 1931, after which the building was transferred to the communal economy, the bell tower and the dome were dismantled, and in 1953–1955 the church hall was divided into two floors. Priest Nikolai Simo, who served here as rector, was canonized as a hieromartyr.
Kronslot
Kronstadt, Fort Kronslot, southern fairway of the Gulf of Finland
Fort "Kronshlot" is a historical and architectural monument of the 18th century, located south of Kronstadt and founded on May 7 (18), 1704. Initially, it was a three-tiered wooden-brick tower on a pile foundation, whose walls reached 1.5 meters in thickness, and it was armed with 14 cannons. In the first years of its existence, the fort successfully repelled attacks by Swedish squadrons in 1704 and 1705, preventing them from breaking through to St. Petersburg. In 1797–1807, granite slabs were installed on the walls, and in 1808 an additional battery was built, increasing the number of guns to 104. In April 2020, state contracts were concluded for the restoration of the fort within the framework of the "Island of Forts" project.
Kronstadt Fortress Railway
Kronstadt, Kotlin Island, Kronstadt Fortress Railway
The Kronstadt Fortress Railway is a historical transport facility on Kotlin Island, fragments of which have survived to this day. At Fort "Peter I", one can see railway tracks of different gauges, including a local section of the broad gauge of 1520 mm, where the KDE-163 crane used to stand, as well as one platform. Near the former workshops is the building of the "Gorod" passenger station, now located on the territory of the Kronstadt Naval Cadet Corps. In 2022, as part of the open third phase of the "Island of Forts" complex, access to the fort via the dam became available, where the railway track has been preserved in satisfactory condition.
Kronstadt Fortress
Kronstadt, Vosstaniya Street, Northern rampart of the fortress
The Kronstadt Fortress on Kotlin Island includes a complex of mortar batteries in the western part, built in the late 19th - early 20th century by engineers N. V. Baranov, V. A. Kukharsky, and L. P. Kapitsa. In 1824, a catastrophic flood almost completely destroyed the fortifications and swept away the armaments, while many soldiers died at their posts. The western part of the city was protected by an escarpment wall, partially replaced by defensive barracks built in 1826–1829 and reconstructed in the early 20th century. When stone construction began, convict labor was used to deepen the harbor.
Kronstadt Maritime Museum
Kronstadt, Andreevskaya Street, 5
The Kronstadt Naval Museum, located on Kotlin Island in the central part of Kronstadt, was opened on May 4, 2012, with the support of the Fertoing company, on the occasion of the 130th anniversary of Russia's diving service. The exposition is dedicated to the first state military diving school in the country, founded on May 5, 1882, by order of Emperor Alexander III. Among the exhibits are a torpedo firing post and an SGP diving suit with an IDA-59 apparatus, and photographs by K. Bulla from 1913 are displayed on the stands. Visitors can take photos with the exhibits, as well as try on military uniforms and real diving equipment.
Kronstadt Tide Gauge
Kronstadt, Obvodny Canal, Blue Bridge
The Kronstadt tide gauge, located on the Blue Bridge across the Obvodny Canal, is metric and graduated in centimeters. In 1840, at the suggestion of hydrographer Mikhail Reinecke, a mark corresponding to the average water level of the Gulf of Finland was made on the stone abutment of the bridge. In 1913, the head of the port's instrument chamber, H. F. Tonberg, installed a new plate with a horizontal line, which serves as the starting point for the leveling network of Russia. To control the immutability of the zero position of the tide gauge, it is linked to the upper stroke of the letter "P" in the word "Benefit" on the monument to Pyotr Pakhtusov, and a meteorologist manually records readings from a paper recorder four times a day.
Kronstadt Admiralty
Kronstadt, Yakornaya Square
The Kronstadt Admiralty, located on Anchor Square, was designed by a commission led by Admiral Samuel Greig on the territory near the Petrovsky Dock. Construction began in 1785 after Catherine II approved the General Plan, and after the death of architect Mikhail Vetoshnikov, Vasily Bazhenov took over the work. A Bypass Canal was dug around the complex, the granite lining of which was completed by 1827, and from 1829 to 1830, the construction was supervised by architect I. G. Gomzin. On the territory, by 1797, a rope-spinning factory, a tar works, provision warehouses, a biscuit factory, sheds, and sail-making workshops were erected, and the building of the Artillery Officers' Classes, presumably designed by Charles Cameron, appeared in the early 19th century.
Kronstadt Lutheran Cemetery
Kronstadt, Tsitadelskaya Road, 3
The Kronstadt Lutheran Cemetery is located on the road between Tsitadelskaya and Kronstadt, behind the naval gardens, and remained abandoned until the 1990s while the city was closed. In September 1996, a memorial sign was erected here in memory of the crew of the Soviet MO-105 hunter and German sailors from the submarine U-250 who died in the Vyborg Bay on July 30, 1944. The monument appeared thanks to the German historian Gunther Fuhrman and the Russian historian B. A. Karzhavin with the support of the German People's Union, and the names of 20 Soviet and 46 German sailors are carved on the stone with the words "Reconciled by death — they call for peace!". The cemetery also houses the cenotaph of Admiral A. I. Kruz, which is an object of cultural heritage, while most of the graves are unmarked.
Kronshtadt Highway
Kronstadt, Kronshtadtskoye Highway
Kronshtadt Highway in Kronshtadt has a length of about 8 km and an area of 76.5 hectares. Beyond Fort Shants, it becomes a pedestrian zone, passes through the Zapadny Kotlin nature reserve, and ends at Fort Reef on the western tip of the island. After reconstruction, new traffic lights and lamps were installed here, sidewalks and a bicycle path were arranged, and to the right of the Kronshtadt Gates on the highway stands the "City of Military Glory" stele. The complex of warehouses of the Kronshtadt Fortress Artillery at lunette "Den" at 29 Kronshtadt Highway is a cultural heritage site.
Forest Shed (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Yakornaya Square, 7AZh
The Forest Shed in Kronstadt, located on the Anchor Square, was designed by the Admiralty for storing timber that was delivered via the Obvodny Canal. For better drying of the material, round columns faced with slabs up to one-third of their height were installed inside the building, and arched niches with slanted brick openings were made along the longitudinal walls. The brick floor of the shed is laid on a grid of three rows of beams fastened with iron bolts, and for ventilating the stored timber, louvers were provided in the end walls above the twelve gates. The architect was criticized in reports for not installing the lifting cranes requested by the shipbuilder.
Summer Garden (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Petrovskaya Street, Summer Garden
The Summer Garden in Kronstadt, located on Petrovskaya Street, is an architectural and historical monument of the 18th–19th centuries. Initially a formal park, it was later redesigned into a landscape garden, and in 1828, the work on its transformation was carried out under the supervision of I. I. Charlemagne. The garden's territory features a monument to Midshipman Domashenko, opened in January 1829 as the first monument created by the method of public construction, and a monument to the clipper "Oprichnik," which disappeared without a trace in the Indian Ocean in 1861. Near the garden is a pool, and a little further away, the ring of the Obvodny Canal closes.
Makarovskaya Street
Kronstadt, Makarovskaya Street
Makarovskaya Street in the center of Kronstadt runs from Lenin Avenue to the Makarov Gates. The Italian Pond, the Dutch Kitchen, and the Fish Rows building are located on it. In 1947, the Fleet House on this street was renamed the Kronstadt Officers' House, and since 2011 the building has been transferred to the branch of the "Kronstadt Fortress" museum for an exposition on the history of the fortress. In 1898–1900, one of the buildings on the street was significantly enlarged according to the design of L. I. Novikov for the Nicholas I Naval Engineering School.
Makarov Bridge (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Makarov Bridge
Makarovsky Bridge is a pedestrian metal suspension bridge spanning the ravine of Petrovsky Dock, located in the center of Kronstadt. It connects Anchor Square with Krasnaya Street and is part of the ensemble of Anchor Square, situated slightly aside from the Summer Garden. The bridge's span structure was assembled by workers of the Kronstadt Steamship Plant in just three months after construction began in 1912. During the test on June 4 (17), 1913, in the presence of Vice-Admiral R. N. Viren, a team of 400 men marched in step across the bridge.
Naval Library (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Sovetskaya Street, 49
The Kronstadt Naval Library, founded by Admiral P. M. Rozhnov with the permission of Nicholas I in 1832, is one of the oldest public libraries in Russia. The foundation of its collection was the book collection of Fabian Bellingshausen, the discoverer of Antarctica, who was also one of the first chairmen of the library committee. The building, designed by architect Georgy Kosyakov (who also decorated the Naval St. Nicholas Cathedral built by his brother Vasily), was recognized as a cultural heritage site by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 527 of July 10, 2001. Construction, which began in 1910, was not completed before the First World War, and the library did not operate until 1926, when it was visited by the People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lunacharsky.
Naval Officers' Assembly (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Sovetskaya Street, 43
The Building of the Naval Officers' Assembly in Kronstadt was constructed in 1785–1788 according to the design of architect M. N. Vetoshnikov as the 3rd Officer's Wing of the Kronstadt Admiralty. In 1856, at the initiative of General-Admiral Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, it was rebuilt for the needs of the assembly and the Naval Library, and in 1863–1864 a courtyard extension was added. The Grand Hall of the building contains two identical polychrome tile stoves in the Rococo style with a cast-iron grill. After the October Revolution, the institution was transformed into the House of Naval Officers, which operated until its closure in 2011.
Naval St. Nicholas Cathedral (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Yakornaya Square, 1
The St. Nicholas Naval Cathedral in Kronstadt, located on Anchor Square, was built according to the design of Vasily Kosyakov, whose brother Georgy was responsible for the interiors and decoration. Architecturally, the building repeats the structure of the Hagia Sophia Cathedral in Constantinople, featuring a pendentive square with a side of 24 meters and a height of 52 meters up to the base of the main dome. Paintings by M. M. Vasilyev, executed in fresco techniques and mosaic imitation, decorate the altar, the sails, and the choir vaults. The internal equipment of the temple included independent central heating, a dust removal system, and five thousand light bulbs for illumination, and in 2011, 14 bells, including a main one weighing 17 tons, were cast for it in Voronezh.
Kronstadt History Museum
Kronstadt, Leningradskaya Street, 2
The Museum of the History of Kronstadt is a state budgetary institution, on the basis of which the Center for Museum Pedagogy operates. The "Underwater Archaeology" exposition is located in a building on Leningradskaya Street, and the exhibition "Three Centuries of Kronstadt's History" with a fragment of the first pipeline is on Yakornaya Square. The "Main Street of Kronstadt" exposition and the cultural and exhibition center are located in the building of the "Residential House of Merchant Ulanova," and on May 21, 2025, a new open-air exhibition "Petrovsky Dock" was solemnly opened with three observation platforms and an audio play voiced by the People's Artist of Russia Nikolai Burov. The basis of the funds consists of collections of objects and documents donated to the museum by the city's residents.
Obvodny Canal (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Obvodny Canal
The Obvodny Canal in Kronstadt is a historical monument 3041 meters long, built in 1785–1844 according to the design of architect M. N. Vetoshnikov and included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its walls are faced with granite, and a cast-iron fence, cast at the Ch. Berd factory and consisting of vertical rods between posts with vase-urns, is installed along the canal. In 2005, a monument to the blockade stickleback was installed on the western wall near the Blue Bridge. Of the historical diversion bridges in Kronstadt, only the Dock Bridge has been preserved, while the modern appearance of the Hemp Rope Bridge was formed during the 1971–1972 reconstruction.
Obruchev Fort
Kronstadt, Fort Obruchev
Fort Obruchev in Kronstadt began construction in January 1897 according to the design of Engineer-Captain A. A. Shishkin, with the work planned to be completed by 1903. In 1919, an uprising occurred at the fort, during which a sailor detachment executed 55 garrison members, and the commanders, having arrested the communists, received no support and were themselves arrested. In 1925–1927, two 203-mm guns from the armored cruiser "Rurik" were installed here, but in the 1950s the facility was abandoned, stripped for metal, and lost the wooden lining of its casemates. The fort has the status of a cultural heritage site of federal significance, assigned by a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation in 2001.
Island of Forts
Kronstadt, Tsitadelskoye Highway, 14
The "Island of Forts" tourist and recreational cluster in Kronstadt occupies more than 100 hectares of territory near the Cabotage Harbor, where a museum and historical park, a museum of naval glory, and an improved embankment are being created. The project, registered in 2019, is supervised by Ksenia Shoigu and is funded by investors, patrons, and budget funds from the Ministry of Culture for the restoration of the forts. For visitors, whose access opened in August 2020, the park, the Admirals' Alley, a children's play area, and areas for quiet and active recreation are available. The territory also plans excursions on the first Soviet nuclear submarine, visits to a real combat ship, and VR tours.
Officers' Wings (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Sovetskaya Street, houses 37-47
The Officers' Wings in Kronstadt are a complex of residential buildings on Sovetskaya Street, built according to the designs of architects Anert and Vetoshnikov, which differed in the number of axes on the facades. The fifth and sixth wings were designed in the last quarter of the 18th century, but were built already under Nicholas I, and the fifth wing at the address Sovetskaya Street, 39 dates back to 1837–1841. In the 1810s, the Naval Assembly arranged amateur performances and balls in one of these buildings. Initially, their construction was part of the preparation for the relocation of the Admiralty, but after the abandonment of this plan, only six officers' and six servants' wings were built. As of 2018, with the exception of the third building, they have not been rebuilt and have retained their residential function.
Pavel I Fort
Kronstadt, Fort Pavel I
Fort Paul I in Kronstadt is the largest fort of the fortress of the second half of the 19th century and an object of cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia of federal significance. Since 2001, it has had the status of a cultural monument of Russia, and is also included in the list of World Heritage sites. In 1923, an explosion occurred at the fort, as a result of which windows were broken in nearby cities, and the attempt to extinguish the fire went down in the history of the Baltic Fleet as heroic but unsuccessful. Emperor Nicholas I highly appreciated the granite facing of the structure, noting that the workers "throw stones like beads."
Blockade Stickleback Monument
Kronstadt, Obvodny Canal, by Blue Bridge
The monument to the blockade spiny goby is installed on the western wall of the Obvodny Canal near the Blue Bridge in Kronstadt and was opened on May 8, 2005. This micromonument on the inner side of the granite parapet features three small bronze fish on metal waves. The sculptural composition is dedicated to the fish that saved thousands of Leningrad residents from starvation during the years of the Siege of Leningrad, from which fish soup was cooked, cutlets were made, and fish oil was obtained. The monument is included in the "Memory Book of the Great War," and its image is used for the production of postcards.
Monument to Peter I (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Petrovsky Park
The Monument to Peter I in Kronstadt, solemnly unveiled on June 27, 1841, on the anniversary of the Battle of Poltava, greets those arriving from the sea right behind the pier. The creation of the sculpture was commissioned to the French sculptor Theodore Napoleon Jacques, and the granite pedestal is decorated at the corners with bronze ornaments. On the front side of the pedestal, an inscription "To Peter the First, Founder of Kronstadt, 1841" and a medallion with the year of the Battle of Poltava "1709" are executed in inlaid gilt letters. Initially, there was a Latin translation on the back side, but in 1860 it was replaced with a quote from the sovereign's decree of May 18, 1720: "To defend the Fleet and this place to the last strength and life as the most important matter."
S. O. Makarov Monument (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Yakornaya Square
The monument to S. O. Makarov in Kronstadt is located on the Anchor Square. Its pedestal features three bas-reliefs dedicated to the stages of the admiral's life, one of which depicts the explosion of the battleship "Petropavlovsk". On the right side of the monument, verses are engraved, the authorship of which was attributed to both E. Dmitriev and cadet O. Lobanovsky. The granite rock for the monument was installed in Petrovsky Park in June 1913, and after 1917, the possibility of its destruction was discussed.
Memorial Sign to the Peterhof Landing Force (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Leningradskaya Pier
A memorial sign dedicated to the Peterhof landing force is installed at the Leningrad pier in Kronstadt, from where ships carrying the landing force departed in 1941. The memorial plaques on the sign contain a historical reference and list the names of all 513 members of the detachment, which was formed from volunteers of the crews of the ships "Marat", "October Revolution", the cruiser "Petropavlovsk", and "Aurora". The preparation of the landing force took only four days under Zhukov's orders, and in 2020 the sculpture was restored and the adjacent area was improved. An annual solemn and mourning rally is held at the monument on the day of the landing force's departure.
Front Range Light of the Sea Canal
Kronstadt, Morskoy Kanal
The Front Range Light of the Sea Canal in Kronstadt is a monument of early 20th-century hydro-technical architecture. The 20-meter-high structure, with its light at 19 meters above sea level, was erected in stone in 1914 by the Danish company "Christiani & Nielsen" simultaneously with the Rear Light. The contrasting coloring of its faces allows it to be unmistakably identified during the day and distinguished from the rear light. The lights on the channel, where wooden signs with lanterns illuminating 180 degrees of the horizon were previously used, were relit in 1919–1924 after the fairway was cleared of sunken vessels.
Fort Peter I
Kronstadt, Kotlin Island, Fort Peter I
Fort "Peter I", originally called "Citadel", was founded in December 1721 on wooden piles and cribs. In May 1724, engineer M. M. Samarin reported to the emperor about the completion of the cutting and installation of cannons, and by 1818 the fortress armament had reached 120 guns. Currently, the fort is under restoration according to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 22, 2020, and its opening to visitors is planned no earlier than 2026. During the operation of the anti-plague laboratory on Fort "Alexander I", Fort "Peter I" took its armament into storage.
Petrovskaya Street (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Petrovskaya Street
Petrovskaya Street in Kronstadt is known for the location of the city's oldest enterprise — the Marine Plant with the Surgin Dock. Across the Obvodny Canal on this street spans the Penkovy Bridge, built in 1873 and reconstructed in 1887–1888. At the intersection with Ammerman Street is the Romanov Square with a monument to the plant workers who died in the Great Patriotic War, and bus route No. 3Kr runs along the street. It was the Kronstadt Marine Plant on this street that repaired the cruiser Aurora from 2014 to 2016.
Petrovsky Park (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Petrovsky Park, near Winter Pier
Petrovsky Park in Kronstadt covers an area of 5.6 hectares and is a cultural heritage site of federal significance. The former swampy area was raised with soil from the construction of the Petrovsky Canal and has been planted with trees since 1836. The park features a monument to Peter I on a pedestal made of red polished granite with an 18th-century ornament, as well as a memorial sign dedicated to the heroes of the Battle of Tsushima. From the cannons on the Winter Pier, from which ferries and motorboats departed in 1998–2011, a noon shot used to be fired, and one of these cannons was moved to the Petrovsky Canal.
Posadskaya Street (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Posadskaya Street
Posadskaya Street in Kronstadt is known for the Museum-Apartment of John of Kronstadt located here at house 21, which was opened for pilgrims in 1999. This museum houses icons and household items that belonged to the saint, and since 1995, a group of admirers led by Priest Gennady Belovolov has been engaged in recreating two rooms. At house 24, built in 1877–1879 according to the design of architect V. V. Vindelbandt, there was a real school where the future Nobel Prize-winning physicist P. L. Kapitsa studied. Today, this building is associated with School No. 425, which has been named after Academician Kapitsa since 1992, and at house 35, where inventor Popov lived, restoration work has begun under the "Ruble per meter" program.
Offices of the Presence (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Lenin Avenue, 36
The Building of the Offices of Presence in Kronstadt is located at the corner of Lenin Avenue and Surgin Street. In 1947, the "Ekran" cinema with a capacity of 600 people was opened in it. The entrance to the lobby was from the side of Karl Marx Street, and on the first floor there were three ticket offices and a buffet. To improve the acoustics, the painted ceiling of the cinema hall was draped with fabric, and the space above the screen was decorated with a slogan about the importance of cinema. The original 1833 design of the building, developed by F. I. Trapeznikov, was not approved by Nicholas I, and subsequent reconstructions distorted the historical interiors, although a faience stove on the second floor was preserved.
Proletarskaya Street (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Proletarskaya Street
Proletarskaya Street in Kronstadt was founded in the 18th century as Tserkovnaya, and it received its current name on November 2, 1918. The street features cultural heritage sites, including the house of the merchants Turkin (No. 17) and the residential house of merchant Romashev at the corner with Internatsionalnaya Street (No. 22), built in 1827–1828. At the back of the site of the Sisters of Mercy community at Proletarskaya Street, 30, there is a service building that was renovated by 2019. At the same time, Admiral M. N. Lazarev never lived in house No. 30, where a memorial plaque is installed, as his estate was previously located on this site.
Lenin Avenue (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Lenin Avenue
Lenin Avenue is a street in the historical center of Kronstadt, stretching for 1360 meters with house numbering from north to south starting from Vosstaniya Street. Known since the 18th century as Gospodskaya Street, the avenue runs through the Kronstadt district of St. Petersburg. Among its buildings are School No. 422 at house 6, the "Dom Byta" shopping complex at house 13A, and the former residential house of merchant Nazarov at number 43, which is a cultural heritage site. A monument to submariners is installed on the avenue, created on the initiative of a captain of the Baltic Fleet submarine forces and funded by the personnel of training units.
Riff Fortress
Kronstadt, Kronshtadtskoye Highway, 74
The Fort "Rif" in Kronstadt is located on the site of the St. Peter redoubt, erected in the late 18th century, and in 1909 became the third key stronghold of the Kronstadt fortress. On its territory there are three indicator pavilions with armored roofs for rangefinders and the only surviving retractable armored "hydraulic" tower. In August 1919, the fort's guns participated in repelling an attack by English torpedo boats. The object, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, has had the status of a cultural heritage site of federal significance since 2001, and after its final abandonment by the military in 2014, it was subjected to vandalism.
Blue Bridge (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Obvodny Canal, Blue Bridge
The Blue Bridge in Kronstadt is a three-span metal bridge with a swing movable span structure from 1874. A copper plate with a horizontal line, which is the zero of the Kronstadt tide gauge, is fixed on its abutment. It is from this level that depths and heights are measured in Russia, and in 1946 it was adopted as the initial level of heights for the entire country. You can walk from the Naval Cathedral to this bridge in less than 15 minutes.
Servants' Wings (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Flotskaya Street, 2-12
The Servants' Wings in Kronstadt are a complex of six buildings at the address of Flotskaya Street, houses 2-12, built according to the design of Admiral S. K. Greig along the northern side of the Admiralty. Initially, all the wings were three-story buildings made of red unplastered brick, without finishing or decoration. After the Great Patriotic War, the first, second, and sixth wings were rebuilt into apartments, and in the 2010s, the fourth and fifth buildings underwent reconstruction, which were planned as service housing for military personnel. The ensemble has the status of a cultural heritage site, assigned by decisions of the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council in 1975 or 1977.
Sovetskaya Street (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Sovetskaya Street
Sovetskaya Street in Kronstadt starts from Komsomol Street and runs along the Obvodny Canal to Lenin Avenue. A park is located along the entire street, so all the houses on it have odd numbers, including the residential house of merchant Filippova and merchant Kovrigin at number 11. Opposite the Gostiny Dvor on this street is Andreevsky Garden on Sobornaya Square, and the Central City Library is located in building No. 49. On the opposite side of the Obvodny Canal from the street are the Admiralty, a sail workshop, the building of the Kronstadt History Museum, and the Officers' Artillery Class.
Stela "City of Military Glory" (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, Kronstadtskoye Shosse, entrance to the historic part of the city
The stele "City of Military Glory" in Kronstadt was solemnly opened on May 6, 2015, on Kronstadt Highway at the entrance to the historic part of the city. The monument, created by sculptor S. A. Shcherbakov of the Russian Academy of Arts, is made of 120 tons of Karelian granite and was installed in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2006. The ledges of the stele's base feature 12 bronze bas-reliefs depicting scenes from historical events of three centuries of Kronstadt's history. The initiative to award the city the title and install the monument came from the Veterans Council, the "300 Years of Kronstadt — Revival of Shrines" Foundation, and the Naval Assembly.
Locking Facility C-1
Kronstadt, western tip of Kotlin Island, Navigation Pass S-1
The C-1 navigation lock is located at the western tip of Kotlin Island in Kronshtadt and is designed to protect against storm surges. Its scheme, similar to the Dutch Maeslantkering barrier, includes two submersible caissons that close a 273-meter-long shipping channel. Vessels traveling from St. Petersburg through the Neva Bay pass through this deep-water fairway, where the Kronshtadt Ship Channel has a width of 150 m and a depth of 14–16 m. The channel was officially opened on October 7, 2008, when the ferry "Georg Ots" on the St. Petersburg — Kaliningrad route was the first to pass through it.
Zosimova Street
Kronstadt, Zosimova Street
Zosimov Street in Kronstadt is an element of the historical planning structure with a protected route, alley plantings, and landscaping, according to the law of St. Petersburg dated December 24, 2008. This street features structures of the Kronstadt Fortress and the fortress railway, and it is also where the Kronstadt Highway begins, leading to the ring road and Fort Schants. Here, at 24 Zosimov Street, there is a stone church designed for 1000 people, whose historical appearance with a bell tower and dome has been lost, and whose hall was divided into two floors in 1953–1955. Religious activities are currently not conducted at this temple, where the parish of the Russian Orthodox Church was established in 2017.
Karl Marx Street (Kronstadt)
Kronstadt, Karla Marksa Street
Karl Marx Street in Kronstadt has a length of about 1.3 kilometers and runs from north to south, connecting Vosstaniya and Martynova Streets between Zosimova Street and Lenin Avenue. Its southern part runs along the Obvodny Canal, where a well-maintained boulevard stretches along the water side. At the corner with Kronstadt Street, in building No. 4, there are two houses of S. Korali built in 1867 and 1868, and in building No. 13 at the corner with Bezymyanny Lane, the editorial office of the newspaper "Kronstadt Vestnik" was located in the former house of D. Nikitin from 1853. Until 1918, the street was called Sobornaya due to the Andreyevsky Cathedral located on it.
Church of Saint Elizabeth (Kronshtadt)
Kronstadt, former Saint Elisabeth Church, near Makarovskaya Street
The Church of St. Elizabeth in Kronstadt, also known as the Elizabethan Church, is a defunct Lutheran temple and an object of cultural heritage of federal significance. The stone building, erected in 1836–1838 by architect K. Beil according to the design of E. Anert on the site of a burnt-down wooden church, has a rectangular plan and a facade with a portico of six Corinthian order columns. In 1924, the district committee of the Komsomol proposed closing the temple due to the small number of parishioners (15–20 people) and turning it into a House of Proletarian Physical Culture. Today, the church's congregation operates from the pastor's house and is part of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ingria.
Shants Fort
Kronstadt, Kotlin Island, Western Kotlin nature reserve
Fort "Shants" in Kronstadt, located on Kotlin Island in the "Zapadny Kotlin" nature reserve, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site under number 540-003a1. The first fortifications at this place, known as "Alexander-Schanze", already existed by 1717, and by the end of the 19th century, a group of permanent concrete batteries was created on their basis. In the summer of 2014, the territory of the fort and the adjacent rocky-sandy beach were used for filming the movie "Battalion". From the fort to the west through the 102-hectare nature reserve runs the pedestrian zone of Kronstadt Highway.
Anchor Square
Kronstadt, Yakornaya Square
Anchor Square in Kronstadt is spacious enough to host military parades and religious processions. It features a monument to Admiral Ushakov, opened in 2015, and the Wall of Glory with 24 memorial plaques dedicated to the defenders of Kronstadt and Leningrad who died in the Great Patriotic War. Here there is also a twin 76-mm gun mount 81-K from the battleship "October Revolution", and the granite rock for the Makarov monument was raised from the bottom of the Vyborg Bay by order of Nicholas II.
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